> 2 sets of norms have been derived for this conversion: age-adjusted and reference- group norms => age-adjusted norms: created by preparing a normalized cumulative frequency distribution of raw scores for each age group => reference-group norms: based on the performance of participants in the standardization sample between ages 20 and 34. Raw scores, scaled scores, and VIQ : each subtest produce a raw score and has a different maximum total. It is made up of 7 items in which the individual is asked to reorder lists of numbers and letters. It is not required to obtain a verbal IQ score, but it may be used as a supplement for additional information about the person’s intellectual functioning. 3) asks the subject to define proverbs letter-number sequencing: is supplementary. In the fourth edition of the test (WAIS-IV), the subtests Digit Span and Letter-Number. 2) asks the subject to provide a logical explanation for some rule or phenomenon. The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) is one of the most frequently used tests among psychologists. 1) asks the subject what should be done in a given situation. Comprehension subtest: 3 types of questions. Although purportedly a measure of the subject’s range of knowledge, nonintellective factors such as curiosity and interest in the acquisition of knowledge tend to influence test scores. information subtest: involves both intellective and nonintellective components, including several abilities to comprehend instructions, follow directions, and provide a response. In terms of intellective factors, the digit span subtest measures short-term auditory memory. Digit span subtest: requires subject to repeat digits, given at the rate of one per second, forward and backward. Digit Span Forward primarily taps short-term auditory memory while Digit Span Backward measures the child’s ability to manipulate verbal information while in temporary storage. Generally, however, concentration, motivation, and memory are the main factors underlying performance. Digit Span Forward and Digit Span Backward tap distinct but highly interdependent neurocognitive functions. You must be able to retain the figures in memory while manipulating them. The character of a person’s thought processes can be seen in many cases arithmetic subtest: contains approximately 15 relatively simple problems. The Arithmetic Subtest has proved to be a useful tool for the study of relationships between mathematical learning and neuropsychological or cognitive abilities (Costa et al., 2011 ), the identification of children with mathematical difficulties and the selection of appropriate control groups (Oliveira-Ferreira et al.
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