The patient and the therapist look at “reality” with the same magnifying glass by watching a film. Typically, the therapist chooses commercial films for an individual to view alone or with specified others. Such an approach encourages patients to consider their difficulties from a different perspective ( Sharp et al., 2002). The characters on the screen face the same problems as the patients and offer new ways to cope with them. Focusing on the patients’ difficulties, the film or video presentation aims to comprehensively understand them through a “third-person” perspective ( Berg-Cross et al., 1990). In the case of cinematherapy, commercial films are used, while in the video treatments, ad hoc created videos or brief documentaries are administered to the subjects. A more standardized methodological approach in terms of experimental design, procedure, and objective outcome measure is needed to provide evidence on the effectiveness of these techniques, promoting its application in the clinical field.Ĭinematherapy and video treatments are artistic therapeutic techniques in which patients are exposed to complex audiovisual material displaying their psychological or physical difficulties. Studies were mainly focused on behavioral and psychological difficulties in Autism Spectrum Disorders and Schizophrenia.Ĭonclusion: Studies using video treatments more often rely upon structured experimental designs on the contrary, those who used classical cinematherapy produced descriptive results. Thirty-one studies used different video treatments, 8 of which were defined as randomized controlled trials with specific objective therapy outcomes. Seven studies used classical cinematherapy, adopting a qualitative approach to measure the therapy outcome. Thirty-six reported a positive effect of the treatment. Review articles and papers describing a research protocol without data collection were not included. We included: (i) articles in which subjects were treated for their difficulties with videos or films, (ii) articles written in English. ![]() Methodology: We searched articles in PubMed, PsycINFO and Google Scholar. ![]() We performed a scoping review, describing different methodological approaches and outcome measures in cinematherapy and video treatments. Although these techniques are increasingly common within modern art therapies, there are neither comprehensive classifications of the different approaches nor agreement on their effectiveness. 4Department of Human Studies, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italyīackground: Cinematherapy and video treatments are artistic therapeutic techniques by which the individuals are exposed to their psycho-physical difficulties through the stories of the characters on the screen who are coping with the same issues that the patients are.3NeuroMi, Milan Center for Neuroscience, Milan, Italy.2Cognitive Neuropsychology Centre, ASST “Grande Ospedale Metropolitano” Niguarda, Milan, Italy.1Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.Elena Sacilotto 1, Gerardo Salvato 1,2,3, Federica Villa 4, Fulvia Salvi 5 and Gabriella Bottini 1,2,3*
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